Terra Linda Veterinary Hospital - Cushing's Syndrome (Hyperadrenocorticism)

Cushing’s syndrome, or hyperadrenocorticism occurs when the body produces excessive amounts of the hormone cortisone and related substances. This disorder is frequently caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland. The tumor produces adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which causes the adrenal glands to produce excessive amounts of cortisone. This type of Cushing's syndrome is called pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism since its origin is the pituitary gland. A less frequent cause of the disease is a tumor in the adrenal gland. This type of Cushing's syndrome is referred to as adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Yet another cause of Cushing's syndrome is the administration of steroids as treatment for other disorders. Over the long term this can result in Iatrogenic Cushing's disease, so named because it is not an adrenal disorder; the excess steroids are being introduced to the body as a form of medication.

Canine Cushing's syndrome can affect dogs of any breed. It is rare in cats but feline Cushing's syndrome does occur. Most affected dogs are over 9 years of age and the disorder is most common in Poodles, Dachshunds, Miniature Schnauzers, Boxers, Boston Terriers, and German Shepherds.

Symptoms of Cushing's syndrome

A dog with Cushing's syndrome could exhibit some or all of the following symptoms:

Increased or excessive drinking (polydipsia)

Increased or excessive urination (polyuria)

Increased or excessive appetite (polyphagia)

Abdominal distention

Muscle weakness - most commonly in the back legs

Hair loss (alopecia) - usually evenly distributed, and lack of new hair growth

Thinning skin

Hyperpigmentation of skin

Calcified skin bumps

Obesity

Chronic or frequent infections (most notably pancreatitis, urinary tract infections, strep throat, and staph infections)

Lethargy or decrease activity

Increased panting

Sleep pattern irregularities

Home Care

Follow your veterinarian’s instructions. Observe your dog for weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite or change in attitude. You should also observe your dog for improvement or worsening of clinical signs. Follow-up with your veterinarian for routine re-evaluation of blood tests so as to maximize the chance for successful treatment.

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